Detection of False Data Injection Attack using Machine Learning approach

Main Article Content

Siti Nur Fathin Najwa Binti Mustaffa
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8747-676X
muhammad Farhan
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6214-3013

Abstract

The "False Data Injection" (FDI) attack is one of the significant security risks that the deep neural Network is susceptible to. The purpose of the FDI attacks is to deceive industrial platforms by faking sensor readings. considered a few relevant systematic reviews that have been previously published. Recent systematic reviews may include both older and more recent works on the topic. Therefore, I restricted myself to recently published works. Specifically, we analyzed data from 2016-2021 for this work. Attacks using FDI have effectively beaten out traditional threat detection strategies. In this paper, we provide an innovative auto-encoder-based technique for FDI attack detection (AEs). use of the temporal and spatial correlation of sensor data, which may be used to spot fake data. Additionally, the fabricated data are denoised using AEs. Performance testing demonstrates that our method is effective in finding FDI attacks. Additionally, it performs much better than a similar technique based on a support vector machine. The ability of the denoising AE data cleaning method to recover clean data from damaged (attacked) data is also shown to be quite strong.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Details

How to Cite
Siti Nur Fathin Najwa Binti Mustaffa, & muhammad Farhan. (2022). Detection of False Data Injection Attack using Machine Learning approach. Mesopotamian Journal of CyberSecurity, 2022, 38–46. https://doi.org/10.58496/MJCS/2022/005
Section
Articles

References

Yu, X., and Xue, Y. (2016). Smart grids: A cyber-physical systems perspective. Proc. IEEE 104 (5), 1058–1070. doi:10.1109/jproc.2015.2503119.

He, R., Xie, H., Deng, J., Feng, T., Lai, L. L., and Shahidehpour, M. (2020). Reliability modeling and assessment of cyber space in cyber-physical power systems. IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 11, 3763–3773. doi:10.1109/TSG.2020.2982566

Li, Y., Wang, C., Li, G., Wang, J., Zhao, D., and Chen, C. (2020). Improving operational flexibility of integrated energy system with uncertain renewable generations considering thermal inertia of buildings. Energ. Convers. Management 207, 112526. doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2020.112526

Adhikari, U., Morris, T. H., and Pan, S. (2017). Applying hoeffding adaptive trees for real-time cyber-power event and intrusion classification. IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 9 (5), 4049–4060. doi:10.1109/TSG.2017.2647778

Liang, G., Zhao, J., Luo, F., Weller, S. R., and Dong, Z. Y. (2016). A review of false data injection attacks against modern power systems. IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 8 (4), 1630–1638. doi:10.1109/TSG.2015.2495133

Liu, Y., Ning, P., and Reiter, M. K. (2011). False data injection attacks against state estimation in electric power grids. ACM Trans. Inf. Syst. Secur. 14 (1), 1–33. doi:10.1145/1952982.1952995

Pan, S., Morris, T., and Adhikari, U. (2015). Classification of disturbances and cyber-attacks in power systems using heterogeneous time-synchronized data. IEEE Trans. Ind. Inf. 11 (3), 650–662. doi:10.1109/tii.2015.2420951

Gao, L., Chen, B., and Yu, L. (2019). Fusion-based FDI attack detection in cyber-physical systems. IEEE Trans. Circuits syst. II: express briefs 67 (8), 1487–1491. doi:10.1109/TCSII.2019.2939276

Ayad, A.; Farag, H.E.; Youssef, A.; El-Saadany, E.F. Detection of false data injection attacks in smart grids using recurrent neural networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT), Washington, DC, USA, 19–22 February 2018; pp. 1–5

Yan, J.; Tang, B.; He, H. Detection of false data attacks in smart grid with supervised learning. In Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), Vancouver, BC, Canada, 24–29 July 2016; pp. 1395–1402

Ozay, M.; Esnaola, I.; Vural, F.T.; Kulkarni, S.R.; Poor, H.V. Machine learning methods for attack detection in the smart grid. IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. Learn. Syst. 2015, 27, 1773–1786

Foroutan, S.A.; Salmasi, F.R. Detection of false data injection attacks against state estimation in smart grids based on a mixture Gaussian distribution learning method. IET Cyber-Phys. Syst. Theory Appl. 2017, 2, 161–171. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

Yang, C.; Wang, Y.; Zhou, Y.; Ruan, J.; Liu, W. False data injection attacks detection in power system using machine learning method. J. Comput. Commun. 2018, 6, 276. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef][Green Version]

Ashrafuzzaman, M.; Das, S.; Chakhchoukh, Y.; Shiva, S.; Sheldon, F.T. Detecting stealthy false data injection attacks in the smart grid using ensemble-based machine learning. Comput. Secur. 2020, 97, 101994. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

Farrukh, Y.A.; Khan, I.; Ahmad, Z.; Elavarasan, R.M. A sequential supervised machine learning approach for cyber attack detection in a smart grid system. arXiv 2021, arXiv:2108.00476. [Google Scholar]

Acosta, M.R.; Ahmed, S.; Garcia, C.E.; Koo, I. Extremely randomized trees-based scheme for stealthy cyber-attack detection in smart grid networks. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 19921–19933. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

Sakhnini, J.; Karimipour, H.; Dehghantanha, A. Smart grid cyber attacks detection using supervised learning and heuristic feature selection. In Proceedings of the IEEE 7th International Conference on Smart Energy Grid Engineering (SEGE), Oshawa, ON, Canada, 12–14 August 2019; pp. 108–112. [Google Scholar]

Xue, D.; Jing, X.; Liu, H. Detection of false data injection attacks in smart grid utilizing ELM-based OCON framework. IEEE Access 2019, 7, 31762–31773. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

Aboelwafa, M.M.; Seddik, K.G.; Eldefrawy, M.H.; Gadallah, Y.; Gidlund, M. A machine-learning-based technique for false data injection attacks detection in industrial IoT. IEEE Internet Things J. 2020, 7, 8462–8471. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

Wang, C.; Tindemans, S.; Pan, K.; Palensky, P. Detection of false data injection attacks using the autoencoder approach. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems (PMAPS), Liège, Belgium, 18–21 August 2020; pp. 1–6. [Google Scholar]

Kundu, A.; Sahu, A.; Serpedin, E.; Davis, K. A3d: Attention-based auto-encoder anomaly detector for false data injection attacks. Electr. Power Syst. Res. 2020, 189, 106795. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

Chen, J.; Mohamed, M.A.; Dampage, U.; Rezaei, M.; Salmen, S.H.; Obaid, S.A.; Annuk, A. A Multi-Layer Security Scheme for Mitigating Smart Grid Vulnerability against Faults and Cyber-Attacks. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 9972

Niu, X.; Li, J.; Sun, J.; Tomsovic, K. Dynamic detection of false data injection attack in smart grid using deep learning. In Proceedings of the IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT), Washington, DC, USA, 17–20 February 2019; pp. 1–6

Manandhar, K.; Cao, X.; Hu, F.; Liu, Y. Detection of faults and attacks including false data injection attack in smart grid using Kalman filter. IEEE Trans. Control Netw. 2014, 1, 370–379.

Du, D.; Li, X.; Li, W.; Chen, R.; Fei, M.; Wu, L. ADMM-based distributed state estimation of smart grid under data deception and denial of service attacks. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Syst. 2019,