M. Maad Hamdi, B. . Saad Abdulhakeem, and A. . Adil Nafea , Trans., “PSOA-CRL: A Hybrid Multi-Objective Routing Mechanism Using Particle Swarm Optimization and Actor-Critic Reinforcement Learning For VANETs”, Mesopotamian Journal of Big Data, vol. 2025, pp. 241–260, Sep. 2025, doi: 10.58496/MJBD/2025/016.