/* OJS 3.4 Enhanced Lively Theme - Custom CSS */
/* Upload this file through Website Settings > Appearance > Advanced */

/* ========================================
   MODERN ENHANCEMENTS
======================================== */

/* Smooth animations for better UX */
* {
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

/* Modern card-style containers */
.panel, .pkp_block {
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
    border: none;
    overflow: hidden;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.panel:hover, .pkp_block:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

/* Enhanced headers with gradient backgrounds */
.panel-heading, .pkp_block .title {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #2C3E50 0%, #34495E 100%);
    color: white;
    font-weight: 600;
    padding: 20px;
    border: none;
}

/* Vibrant accent colors */
:root {
    --primary-color: #2C3E50;
    --secondary-color: #18BC9C;
    --accent-color: #F39C12;
    --success-color: #27AE60;
    --danger-color: #E74C3C;
}

/* ========================================
   NAVIGATION ENHANCEMENTS
======================================== */

/* Modern navigation bar */
.navbar, .header_view {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #2C3E50 0%, #34495E 100%);
    border: none;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
    min-height: 60px;
}

/* NAVBAR BRAND FIXES */
.navbar-brand {
    display: block !important;
    font-size: 20px !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    color: white !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    max-width: 70% !important;
    white-space: normal !important;
    line-height: 1.2 !important;
    padding: 15px !important;
    overflow: visible !important;
    height: auto !important;
    min-height: 50px !important;
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
}

.navbar-brand:hover, 
.navbar-brand:focus {
    color: #18BC9C !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
}

/* Site name container fixes for ALL pages */
.site-name {
    margin: 0 !important;
    line-height: 1.2 !important;
}

/* Fix for both h1 AND div site-name containers */
.site-name h1,
.site-name div,
.site-name .navbar-brand,
h1.site-name,
div.site-name {
    margin: 0 !important;
    padding: 15px !important;
    font-size: 20px !important;
    line-height: 1.2 !important;
    color: white !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
}

/* Specific fix for h1.site-name (homepage) */
h1.site-name {
    display: block !important;
    visibility: visible !important;
    opacity: 1 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    font-size: 20px !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    color: white !important;
}

h1.site-name a,
h1.site-name .navbar-brand {
    display: block !important;
    visibility: visible !important;
    opacity: 1 !important;
    color: white !important;
    font-size: 20px !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    padding: 15px !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
}

/* Fix for non-homepage pages where site-name is div instead of h1 */
.site-name div .navbar-brand,
div.site-name .navbar-brand {
    display: block !important;
    color: white !important;
    font-size: 20px !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    padding: 15px !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
}

/* Ensure navbar-brand is visible regardless of container */
.navbar-header .navbar-brand,
.navbar-header .site-name .navbar-brand,
.navbar-header h1 .navbar-brand,
.navbar-header div .navbar-brand {
    display: block !important;
    visibility: visible !important;
    opacity: 1 !important;
    color: white !important;
    font-size: 20px !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
}

/* Mobile navbar brand fixes */
@media (max-width: 767px) {
    .navbar-brand {
        font-size: 16px !important;
        padding: 12px 15px !important;
        max-width: 80% !important;
    }
    
    .navbar-header {
        position: relative !important;
    }
    
    .navbar-toggle {
        float: right !important;
        margin-right: 15px !important;
    }
}

/* Logo styling if using logo */
.navbar-brand-logo img {
    max-height: 40px !important;
    width: auto !important;
    display: block !important;
}

.navbar-brand-logo {
    padding: 5px 15px !important;
    line-height: 1 !important;
}

/* Force display for ALL pages - comprehensive selectors */
.site-name a,
.navbar-header a,
h1.site-name a,
div.site-name a,
.navbar-brand,
a.navbar-brand,
.site-name .navbar-brand,
.navbar-header .navbar-brand {
    display: block !important;
    visibility: visible !important;
    opacity: 1 !important;
    color: white !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    font-size: 20px !important;
    line-height: 1.2 !important;
    padding: 15px !important;
}

/* Specific fix for pages where brand is inside div instead of h1 */
.pkp_page_issue .navbar-brand,
.pkp_page_article .navbar-brand,
.pkp_page_user .navbar-brand,
.pkp_page_about .navbar-brand,
.pkp_page_search .navbar-brand {
    display: block !important;
    color: white !important;
    font-size: 20px !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
}

/* Override any hiding styles from other CSS */
.navbar-brand:not(:empty) {
    display: block !important;
}

/* CRITICAL: Force h1.site-name to show (homepage issue) */
h1.site-name,
.navbar-header h1.site-name,
.navbar-header h1 {
    display: block !important;
    visibility: visible !important;
    opacity: 1 !important;
    height: auto !important;
    overflow: visible !important;
    text-indent: 0 !important;
    position: static !important;
    clip: auto !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    font-size: 20px !important;
    color: white !important;
}

/* Force the anchor inside h1 to show */
h1.site-name a.navbar-brand,
.navbar-header h1.site-name a,
.navbar-header h1 a {
    display: block !important;
    visibility: visible !important;
    opacity: 1 !important;
    color: white !important;
    font-size: 20px !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    padding: 15px !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    height: auto !important;
    overflow: visible !important;
    text-indent: 0 !important;
    position: static !important;
    clip: auto !important;
}

/* Fallback content if brand is somehow empty */
.navbar-brand:empty:after {
    content: "Mesopotamian Journal of Quran Studies" !important;
    display: block !important;
    color: white !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
}

/* ========================================
   EDITORIAL PAGE DYNAMIC ENHANCEMENTS
======================================== */

/* Scroll-triggered animations */
@keyframes fadeInUp {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateY(30px);
    }
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateY(0);
    }
}

@keyframes fadeInLeft {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateX(-30px);
    }
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateX(0);
    }
}

@keyframes fadeInRight {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateX(30px);
    }
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateX(0);
    }
}

@keyframes scaleIn {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: scale(0.9);
    }
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: scale(1);
    }
}

@keyframes pulseGlow {
    0%, 100% {
        box-shadow: 0 8px 32px rgba(0,0,0,0.1), 0 0 20px rgba(139, 169, 143, 0.3);
    }
    50% {
        box-shadow: 0 12px 40px rgba(0,0,0,0.15), 0 0 30px rgba(139, 169, 143, 0.5);
    }
}

@keyframes float {
    0%, 100% {
        transform: translateY(0px);
    }
    50% {
        transform: translateY(-10px);
    }
}

@keyframes rotate360 {
    from {
        transform: rotate(0deg);
    }
    to {
        transform: rotate(360deg);
    }
}

/* Enhanced diversity header */
.diversity-header {
    animation: fadeInUp 0.8s ease-out;
    position: relative;
}

.diversity-header:hover {
    animation: pulseGlow 2s infinite;
    transform: translateY(-5px);
}

/* Animated statistics circles */
.stats-circle {
    transition: all 0.4s ease;
    animation: float 3s ease-in-out infinite;
}

.stats-circle:hover {
    transform: scale(1.1) translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 15px 40px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
}

.stats-circle:nth-child(1) { animation-delay: 0s; }
.stats-circle:nth-child(2) { animation-delay: 0.5s; }
.stats-circle:nth-child(3) { animation-delay: 1s; }

/* Editor cards enhancements */
.editor-card {
    transition: all 0.4s ease;
    animation: fadeInUp 0.6s ease-out;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.editor-card::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: -50%;
    left: -50%;
    width: 200%;
    height: 200%;
    background: linear-gradient(45deg, transparent, rgba(255,255,255,0.1), transparent);
    transform: rotate(45deg);
    transition: all 0.6s ease;
    opacity: 0;
}

.editor-card:hover::before {
    animation: none;
    top: -50%;
    left: 150%;
    opacity: 1;
}

.editor-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-10px) scale(1.02);
    box-shadow: 0 20px 50px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
}

/* Profile photo enhancements */
.profile-photo {
    transition: all 0.4s ease;
    position: relative;
}

.profile-photo:hover {
    transform: rotate(5deg) scale(1.05);
}

.profile-photo::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    background: linear-gradient(45deg, transparent, rgba(139, 169, 143, 0.2), transparent);
    opacity: 0;
    transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
    border-radius: inherit;
}

.profile-photo:hover::after {
    opacity: 1;
}

/* Contact icons enhancements */
.contact-icon {
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.contact-icon::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 50%;
    width: 0;
    height: 0;
    background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(255,255,255,0.4) 0%, transparent 70%);
    transition: all 0.4s ease;
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
    border-radius: 50%;
}

.contact-icon:hover::before {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
}

.contact-icon:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px) rotate(10deg) scale(1.1);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);
}

/* Member cards grid enhancement */
.members-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 30px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.member-card {
    transition: all 0.5s ease;
    animation: fadeInUp 0.6s ease-out;
    position: relative;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.member-card:nth-child(odd) {
    animation: fadeInLeft 0.6s ease-out;
}

.member-card:nth-child(even) {
    animation: fadeInRight 0.6s ease-out;
}

.member-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-8px) rotateX(5deg);
    box-shadow: 0 25px 60px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
}

/* Text animations */
.animate-text {
    animation: fadeInUp 0.8s ease-out;
}

.animate-text:nth-child(1) { animation-delay: 0.2s; }
.animate-text:nth-child(2) { animation-delay: 0.4s; }
.animate-text:nth-child(3) { animation-delay: 0.6s; }

/* Background pattern animation */
@keyframes patternMove {
    0% { background-position: 0% 0%; }
    50% { background-position: 100% 100%; }
    100% { background-position: 0% 0%; }
}

.animated-bg {
    animation: patternMove 20s ease-in-out infinite;
}

/* Decorative elements animation */
.decorative-circle {
    animation: rotate360 15s linear infinite;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.decorative-circle:hover {
    animation-duration: 3s;
    transform: scale(1.2);
}

/* Loading animation for images */
.loading-image {
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.loading-image::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: -100%;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, rgba(255,255,255,0.4), transparent);
    transition: left 0.6s ease;
}

.loading-image:hover::before {
    left: 100%;
}

/* Section transitions */
.section-transition {
    animation: scaleIn 0.8s ease-out;
}

/* Responsive enhancements */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .members-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 20px;
    }
    
    .editor-card:hover {
        transform: translateY(-5px) scale(1.01);
    }
    
    .stats-circle:hover {
        transform: scale(1.05);
    }
}

/* Performance optimization */
.editor-card,
.member-card,
.profile-photo,
.contact-icon {
    will-change: transform, box-shadow;
}

/* Accessibility improvements */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    .diversity-header,
    .editor-card,
    .member-card,
    .stats-circle,
    .profile-photo,
    .contact-icon,
    .animate-text {
        animation: none !important;
        transition: none !important;
    }
}

.navbar-nav > li > a {
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.9) !important;
    font-weight: 500;
    padding: 20px 15px !important;
}

.navbar-nav > li > a:hover {
    color: #18BC9C !important;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.1) !important;
}

/* ========================================
   BUTTON ENHANCEMENTS
======================================== */

.btn {
    border-radius: 25px;
    font-weight: 600;
    padding: 10px 25px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    border: none;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
}

.btn:hover {
    transform: translateY(-1px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);
}

.btn-primary {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #3498DB, #2980B9);
}

.btn-success {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #18BC9C, #16A085);
}

.btn-warning {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #F39C12, #E67E22);
}

.btn-danger {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #E74C3C, #C0392B);
}

/* ========================================
   TYPOGRAPHY ENHANCEMENTS
======================================== */

/* Modern headings */
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
    font-family: 'Lato', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #2C3E50;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

h1 {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #2C3E50, #18BC9C);
    -webkit-background-clip: text;
    -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
    background-clip: text;
}

/* Enhanced body text */
body {
    font-family: 'Lato', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif;
    font-size: 16px;
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: #34495E;
}

/* Improved links */
a {
    color: #18BC9C;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
}

a:hover {
    color: #16A085;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #16A085;
}

/* ========================================
   ARTICLE & CONTENT ENHANCEMENTS
======================================== */

/* Article cards */
.article-summary {
    background: white;
    border-radius: 10px;
    padding: 25px;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    box-shadow: 0 3px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
    border-left: 4px solid #18BC9C;
}

.article-summary:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.12);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
}

.article-summary .media-heading {
    color: #2C3E50;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

/* Enhanced forms */
.form-control {
    border-radius: 5px;
    border: 2px solid #BDC3C7;
    padding: 12px 15px;
    font-size: 16px;
}

.form-control:focus {
    border-color: #18BC9C;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(24, 188, 156, 0.1);
}

/* ========================================
   SIDEBAR & BLOCKS
======================================== */

/* Sidebar blocks */
.pkp_block ul li {
    border-left: 3px solid transparent;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.pkp_block ul li:hover {
    border-left-color: #18BC9C;
    background-color: rgba(24, 188, 156, 0.05);
    padding-left: 20px;
}

/* ========================================
   FOOTER ENHANCEMENTS
======================================== */

footer[role="contentinfo"] {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #2C3E50 0%, #34495E 100%);
    color: white;
    padding: 40px 0;
    margin-top: 60px;
}

footer a {
    color: #18BC9C;
}

footer a:hover {
    color: #16A085;
}

/* ========================================
   RESPONSIVE IMPROVEMENTS
======================================== */

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .panel, .pkp_block {
        margin-bottom: 20px;
    }
    
    .btn {
        width: 100%;
        margin-bottom: 10px;
    }
}

/* ========================================
   ANIMATED ELEMENTS
======================================== */

/* Loading animation for dynamic content */
@keyframes pulse {
    0% { transform: scale(1); }
    50% { transform: scale(1.05); }
    100% { transform: scale(1); }
}

.btn-primary:hover {
    animation: pulse 0.6s ease-in-out;
}

/* Fade-in animation for content */
@keyframes fadeIn {
    from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(20px); }
    to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}

.article-summary, .panel, .pkp_block {
    animation: fadeIn 0.6s ease-out;
}

/* ========================================
   MODERN UI PATTERNS
======================================== */

/* Modern table styling */
.table {
    background: white;
    border-radius: 8px;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
}

.table thead th {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #2C3E50, #34495E);
    color: white;
    border: none;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.table tbody tr:hover {
    background-color: rgba(24, 188, 156, 0.05);
}

/* Modern alerts */
.alert {
    border: none;
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 20px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    border-left: 4px solid;
}

.alert-success {
    background-color: rgba(39, 174, 96, 0.1);
    border-left-color: #27AE60;
    color: #27AE60;
}

.alert-info {
    background-color: rgba(52, 152, 219, 0.1);
    border-left-color: #3498DB;
    color: #3498DB;
}

.alert-warning {
    background-color: rgba(243, 156, 18, 0.1);
    border-left-color: #F39C12;
    color: #F39C12;
}

.alert-danger {
    background-color: rgba(231, 76, 60, 0.1);
    border-left-color: #E74C3C;
    color: #E74C3C;
}

/* ========================================
   ACCESSIBILITY IMPROVEMENTS
======================================== */

/* Better focus indicators */
*:focus {
    outline: 3px solid #18BC9C;
    outline-offset: 2px;
}

/* High contrast mode support */
@media (prefers-contrast: high) {
    .panel, .pkp_block {
        border: 2px solid #2C3E50;
    }
}

/* Reduced motion for accessibility */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    * {
        transition: none !important;
        animation: none !important;
    }
}

/* ========================================
   PEER REVIEW WORKFLOW (SCOPED)
   A lively, accessible stepper/timeline used by drop-in HTML
   Usage: wrap content in <section class="review-flow"> ... </section>
======================================== */

.review-flow .flow-header {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 12px;
}

.review-flow .flow-badge {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 42px;
    height: 42px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--secondary-color, #18BC9C), #16A085);
    color: #fff;
    font-weight: 700;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
}

.review-flow .flow-steps {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(220px, 1fr));
    gap: 24px;
}

.review-flow .flow-step {
    background: #fff;
    border-radius: 10px;
    padding: 18px;
    box-shadow: 0 3px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
    border-left: 4px solid var(--secondary-color, #18BC9C);
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: transform .35s ease, box-shadow .35s ease;
    animation: fadeInUp .6s ease-out;
}

.review-flow .flow-step::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: -60%;
    left: -60%;
    width: 220%;
    height: 220%;
    background: linear-gradient(45deg, transparent, rgba(255,255,255,0.12), transparent);
    transform: rotate(35deg);
    opacity: 0;
    transition: opacity .4s ease, left .6s ease;
}

.review-flow .flow-step:hover {
    transform: translateY(-6px) scale(1.01);
    box-shadow: 0 16px 40px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
}

.review-flow .flow-step:hover::before {
    opacity: 1;
    left: 120%;
}

.review-flow .step-title {
    margin: 0 0 6px;
    color: var(--primary-color, #2C3E50);
    font-size: 16px;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.review-flow .step-desc {
    margin: 0;
    color: #34495E;
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.review-flow .step-meta {
    margin-top: 10px;
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 8px;
}

.review-flow .tag {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 3px 10px;
    border-radius: 999px;
    font-size: 12px;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary-color, #2C3E50);
    background: rgba(24,188,156,0.12);
    border: 1px solid rgba(24,188,156,0.25);
}

.review-flow .arrow {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: var(--secondary-color, #18BC9C);
    font-weight: 700;
}

.review-flow .flow-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr auto 1fr;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 16px;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .review-flow .flow-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
    .review-flow .arrow { display: none; }
}

/* === Editorial Board Base === */
.editorial-board {
  padding: 50px 0;
  background: linear-gradient(145deg,#f9fbfa,#eef6f1);
}

/* === Horizontal Cards (EIC / Managing) === */
.editor-card-horizontal {
  background: #fff;
  border-radius: 18px;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
  margin: 40px auto;
  padding: 30px 35px;
  max-width: 850px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  animation: fadeInUp 0.8s ease-out;
}
.editor-card-horizontal:hover { animation: pulseGlow 2s infinite; }

.editor-card-horizontal .photo img {
  width: 130px;
  height: 130px;
  border-radius: 12px;
  object-fit: cover;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
}
.editor-card-horizontal .info {
  text-align: center;
  margin-top: 15px;
}
.editor-card-horizontal .info h3 { color:#2C3E50; margin:5px 0; font-weight:700; }
.editor-card-horizontal .info h4 { color:#4a6741; margin:3px 0 6px; font-weight:500; }
.editor-card-horizontal .info p { color:#555; font-size:0.95em; margin:2px 0; }

.role-tag {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-top: 10px;
  padding: 5px 12px;
  border-radius: 6px;
  color:#fff;
  font-weight:600;
  font-size:0.9em;
}
.role-tag.eic { background:#18BC9C; }
.role-tag.managing { background:#F39C12; }

/* === Bottom Piano (horizontal icons) === */
.piano-horizontal {
  display: flex;
  gap: 8px;
  margin-top: 20px;
  justify-content: center;
}
.piano-horizontal a {
  background:#f9fbfa;
  border-radius:50%;
  width:38px;
  height:38px;
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  justify-content:center;
  transition:all 0.3s ease;
  box-shadow:0 2px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
}
.piano-horizontal a:hover {
  background:rgba(24,188,156,0.15);
  transform:scale(1.1);
}
.piano-horizontal img { width:20px; height:20px; }

/* === Twin Editors Pro === */
.twin-editors-pro {
  border-radius:20px;
  box-shadow:0 8px 25px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
  padding:50px 40px;
  max-width:1100px;
  margin:60px auto;
  background:#fff;
  animation:fadeInUp 0.8s ease-out;
}
.editors-header { text-align:center; margin-bottom:35px; }
.editors-grid {
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;
  gap:40px;
}

/* === Each Twin Editor Card === */
.editor-card {
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:70px 1fr;
  align-items:center;
  background:#f9fbfa;
  border-radius:16px;
  box-shadow:0 6px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.06);
  padding:25px 20px;
  transition:all 0.3s ease;
  animation:fadeInUp 0.8s ease-out;
}
.editor-card.right { grid-template-columns:1fr 70px; }
.editor-card:hover { transform:translateY(-5px); animation:pulseGlow 2s infinite; }

/* === Contact Column === */
.contact-col {
  display:flex;
  flex-direction:column;
  align-items:center;
  justify-content:center;
  gap:14px;
}
.contact-col a {
  background:#fff;
  border-radius:50%;
  width:34px;
  height:34px;
  box-shadow:0 2px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  justify-content:center;
  transition:all 0.3s ease;
}
.contact-col a:hover {
  background:rgba(24,188,156,0.12);
  transform:scale(1.1);
}
.contact-col img { width:18px; height:18px; }

/* === Profile Column === */
.profile-col {
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  gap:20px;
}
.photo {
  position:relative;
  flex-shrink:0;
}
.photo img {
  width:110px;
  height:110px;
  border-radius:10px;
  object-fit:cover;
  box-shadow:0 4px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}
.tag {
  position:absolute;
  bottom:6px;
  right:6px;
  background:rgba(24,188,156,0.9);
  color:#fff;
  font-size:0.8em;
  padding:3px 8px;
  border-radius:5px;
}
.info h3 { color:#2C3E50; margin:0; font-weight:700; }
.info h4 { color:#4a6741; margin:3px 0 6px; font-weight:500; }
.info p { color:#555; font-size:0.9em; margin:2px 0; }

/* === Responsive === */
@media (max-width:900px){
  .editors-grid{ grid-template-columns:1fr; gap:30px; }
  .editor-card{ grid-template-columns:1fr; text-align:center; }
  .contact-col{ flex-direction:row; justify-content:center; }
  .profile-col{ flex-direction:column; }
}

/* === Enhanced Twin Editors Alignment === */
.twin-editors-pro .editors-grid {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 40px;
}

.twin-editors-pro .editor-card {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  background: #fff;
  border-radius: 14px;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0,0,0,0.06);
  padding: 25px 30px;
  max-width: 500px;
  width: 100%;
  transition: all 0.4s ease;
  animation: fadeInUp 0.8s ease-out;
}

.twin-editors-pro .editor-card.left {
  flex-direction: row;
}
.twin-editors-pro .editor-card.right {
  flex-direction: row-reverse;
}

.twin-editors-pro .editor-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-8px) scale(1.02);
  animation: pulseGlow 2s infinite;
}

/* Profile section */
.twin-editors-pro .profile-wrapper {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 18px;
  flex: 1;
}

.twin-editors-pro .photo img {
  width: 95px;
  height: 95px;
  border-radius: 8px;
  object-fit: cover;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.twin-editors-pro .tag {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 5px;
  right: 5px;
  background: var(--secondary-color);
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 0.75em;
  padding: 2px 8px;
  border-radius: 4px;
}

.twin-editors-pro .info h3,
.twin-editors-pro .info h4 {
  margin: 0;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--primary-color);
}
.twin-editors-pro .info p {
  margin: 2px 0;
  font-size: 0.9em;
  color: #555;
}

/* Contact icons as vertical piano */
.twin-editors-pro .contact-col {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
  min-width: 50px;
}
.twin-editors-pro .contact-col .contact-icon {
  background: #f9fbfa;
  border-radius: 50%;
  width: 32px;
  height: 32px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
}
.twin-editors-pro .contact-col .contact-icon:hover {
  background: rgba(24,188,156,0.15);
  transform: scale(1.1);
}
.twin-editors-pro .contact-col img {
  width: 16px;
  height: 16px;
}

/* Responsive layout */
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .twin-editors-pro .editors-grid {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
  }
  .twin-editors-pro .editor-card {
    flex-direction: column;
    text-align: center;
    max-width: 90%;
  }
  .twin-editors-pro .contact-col {
    flex-direction: row;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-top: 12px;
  }
  .twin-editors-pro .profile-wrapper {
    flex-direction: column;
  }
}

/* ========================================
     ELEGANT SPACING + TYPOGRAPHY SYSTEM (v2)
     - Additive utilities and variables for refined whitespace & rhythm
     - Safe: does not remove prior rules; only enhances spacing/measure
======================================== */

/* Design tokens */
:root {
        /* Spacing scale */
        --space-2xs: 0.25rem;
        --space-xs: 0.5rem;
        --space-sm: 0.75rem;
        --space-md: 1rem;
        --space-lg: 1.5rem;
        --space-xl: 2.25rem;
        --space-2xl: 3rem;
        --space-3xl: 4.5rem;

        /* Containers & measure */
        --container-sm: 40rem;
        --container-md: 64rem; /* ~1024px */
        --container-lg: 72rem; /* ~1152px */
        --measure: 65ch; /* optimal reading width */

        /* Radii & elevation */
        --radius-sm: 8px;
        --radius-md: 12px;
        --radius-lg: 18px;
        --shadow-1: 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
        --shadow-2: 0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.12);
}

/* Containers */
.e-container {
        max-width: var(--container-md);
        margin-left: auto;
        margin-right: auto;
        padding-left: var(--space-md);
        padding-right: var(--space-md);
}
.e-container.narrow { max-width: var(--container-sm); }
.e-container.wide { max-width: var(--container-lg); }

/* Flow & stack utilities (vertical rhythm) */
.u-flow > * + * { margin-top: var(--flow-space, var(--space-md)); }
.u-flow-xs { --flow-space: var(--space-xs); }
.u-flow-sm { --flow-space: var(--space-sm); }
.u-flow-md { --flow-space: var(--space-md); }
.u-flow-lg { --flow-space: var(--space-lg); }
.u-flow-xl { --flow-space: var(--space-xl); }

/* Prose measure and spacing */
.prose {
        max-width: var(--measure);
}
.prose p,
.prose ul,
.prose ol,
.prose blockquote,
.prose table {
        margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
}
.prose h1,
.prose h2,
.prose h3,
.prose h4 { margin-top: var(--space-lg); }

/* Refined heading scale (keeps existing styles, adjusts sizing/spacing) */
h1 { font-size: clamp(1.85rem, 1.2rem + 2.5vw, 2.6rem); line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: var(--space-md); }
h2 { font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 1rem + 1.5vw, 2rem); line-height: 1.25; margin-bottom: var(--space-sm); }
h3 { font-size: clamp(1.25rem, 0.9rem + 1vw, 1.6rem); line-height: 1.3; margin-bottom: var(--space-xs); }
h4, h5, h6 { line-height: 1.35; }

/* Body copy measure & spacing */
main, .pkp_structure_main, .page, .pkp_page, .editorial-board {
        /* breathing room around main content areas */
        padding-top: var(--space-xl);
        padding-bottom: var(--space-xl);
}

/* Cards and panels gently tuned to the new scale */
.panel, .pkp_block, .article-summary, .editor-card, .editor-card-horizontal, .review-flow .flow-step {
        border-radius: var(--radius-md);
        box-shadow: var(--shadow-1);
}
.article-summary, .review-flow .flow-step { padding: var(--space-lg); }
.panel .panel-heading, .pkp_block .title { padding: var(--space-md) var(--space-lg); }

/* Tables and forms breathing room */
.table > thead > tr > th, .table > tbody > tr > td {
        padding: calc(var(--space-sm) + 2px) var(--space-md);
}
.form-control { padding: calc(var(--space-sm) + 2px) var(--space-md); }
.form-group + .form-group { margin-top: var(--space-md); }

/* Navigation spacing refinement (no color changes) */
.navbar-nav > li > a { padding: var(--space-md) var(--space-md); }
@media (min-width: 992px) {
    .navbar-nav > li > a { padding-left: var(--space-lg) !important; padding-right: var(--space-lg) !important; }
}

/* Footer spacing */
footer[role="contentinfo"] { padding-top: var(--space-2xl); padding-bottom: var(--space-2xl); }

/* Editorial board: elegantly spaced */
.editorial-board { padding-top: var(--space-2xl); padding-bottom: var(--space-2xl); }
.diversity-header { display: grid; place-items: center; row-gap: var(--space-xs); margin-bottom: var(--space-lg); }
.editor-card-horizontal {
        padding: var(--space-xl) var(--space-lg);
        margin-top: var(--space-lg);
        margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);
        border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
        box-shadow: var(--shadow-2);
}
.editor-card-horizontal .info { max-width: var(--measure); }
.piano-horizontal { gap: var(--space-sm); margin-top: var(--space-md); }

.twin-editors-pro { padding: var(--space-2xl) var(--space-xl); margin-top: var(--space-2xl); margin-bottom: var(--space-2xl); }
.twin-editors-pro .editors-grid { gap: var(--space-xl); }
.twin-editors-pro .editor-card { padding: var(--space-lg) var(--space-xl); border-radius: var(--radius-md); }
.twin-editors-pro .profile-wrapper { gap: var(--space-md); }
.contact-col { gap: var(--space-sm); }
.profile-col { gap: var(--space-md); }

/* Bilingual headings: tighten pair spacing */
.editors-header h3.en + h4.ar,
.diversity-header .title-en + .title-ar { margin-top: var(--space-2xs); opacity: 0.9; }

/* Utilities */
.center { text-align: center; }
.max-measure { max-width: var(--measure); }
.push-top-lg { margin-top: var(--space-lg) !important; }
.push-bottom-lg { margin-bottom: var(--space-lg) !important; }

/* Responsive tune-ups */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .e-container { padding-left: var(--space-sm); padding-right: var(--space-sm); }
    main, .pkp_structure_main, .page, .pkp_page, .editorial-board { padding-top: var(--space-lg); padding-bottom: var(--space-lg); }
    .editor-card-horizontal { padding: var(--space-lg); }
    .twin-editors-pro { padding: var(--space-xl) var(--space-lg); }
}

.ethics-page a {
  position: relative;
  color: var(--secondary-color);
  font-weight: 600;
  transition: color 0.25s ease;
}
.ethics-page a::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0; bottom: -2px;
  width: 0; height: 2px;
  background: var(--secondary-color);
  transition: width 0.25s ease;
}
.ethics-page a:hover {
  color: var(--success-color);
}
.ethics-page a:hover::after {
  width: 100%;
}

/* === ETHICS PAGE THEME: Aurora Light === */
.ethics-page .panel {
  border-left: 6px solid var(--secondary-color);
  background: #ffffff;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(0,0,0,0.06);
  border-radius: 12px;
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
}
.ethics-page .panel:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.ethics-page .panel-heading {
  background: none !important;
  border-bottom: 2px solid rgba(24,188,156,0.25);
  padding: 1.2rem 1.8rem;
}
.ethics-page .panel-heading h1,
.ethics-page .panel-heading h2 {
  color: var(--primary-color);
  margin: 0;
  font-weight: 700;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--secondary-color), var(--success-color));
  -webkit-background-clip: text;
  -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
}
.ethics-page .panel-body {
  background: #fff;
  padding: 1.5rem 2rem;
  color: #34495E;
  line-height: 1.7;
}
.ethics-page ul li::marker {
  color: var(--success-color);
  font-weight: bold;
}
.ethics-page .alert {
  border-left: 5px solid var(--success-color);
  background: rgba(39,174,96,0.05);
}