The Mesopotamian Journal of Civil Engineering (MJCE) stands as a cornerstone publication dedicated to the comprehensive exploration and advancement of civil engineering principles and practices. As a leading platform for researchers, professionals, and academics in the field, MJCE is committed to publishing high-quality, original articles that encompass a wide spectrum of civil engineering disciplines. The journal covers diverse topics including structural engineering, geotechnical engineering, transportation engineering, environmental engineering, construction materials, infrastructure design, and urban planning. Emphasizing rigorous peer-review processes, MJCE encourages scholarly contributions that drive innovation and progress in civil engineering, addressing contemporary challenges and paving the way for sustainable and resilient infrastructure development. By fostering collaboration and interdisciplinary dialogue, MJCE aims to catalyze advancements in the field, offering invaluable insights and solutions that shape the future of civil engineering practices and research